With this report, the Monopolies Commission presents its fifth special report on the development of competition in the German postal markets, thereby fulfilling the statutory mandate set out in Section 44 of the Postal Services Act (PostG) in conjunction with Section 81(3) of the Telecommunications Act (TKG) 1996. The Monopolies Commission sets out its views on whether effective competition prevails in the postal markets. In addition to assessing the intensity of competition, the Commission’s opinion highlights, in particular, the necessary implications for individual provisions of the Postal Services Act.